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2014. 11. 24. 23:24 bbc news

Mother of baby left in drain charged

.. charge 기소하다,청구하다,혐의,충전
.. attempted murder 살인미수
.. drain 하수구,배수하다,소비하다
.. pit 구덩이,싸우게하다
.. malnourished 영양부족의
.. nourish 영양분을 공급하다
.. dehydrated 탈수된
.. squeeze 밀어넣다,짜내다,압박하다,긴축하다
.. stormwater 빗물용
.. distress 괴롭히다,고민하게하다,고통
.. given that 고려하면
.. record breaking 기록적인,기록을깨는
.. in excess of 초과하여
.. according to 따르면
.. intense 강렬한
.. distressed 곤궁에처한,고민하는
.. police inspector 총경
.. disturbing 충격적인
.. umbilical cord 탯줄
.. medical intervention 의료개입
.. in person 직접,몸소
.. bail 보석
.. magistrate 치안판사
.. reportedly 보도에따르면
.. postnatal care 산후조리
.. custody 감금
.. in custody 구류된


(bbc)Mother of baby left in drain charged


Australian police have charged a 30-year-old woman with attempted murder after she abandoned her newborn baby in a drain in western Sydney.

They say the baby boy, who is in a serious but stable condition, may have survived up to five days in the drain.

He was discovered 2.5m (8ft) down inside the pit by a group of passing cyclists on Sunday morning.

It took several people to lift the heavy concrete slab to rescue the baby, who was malnourished and dehydrated.

Police believe the baby was born last Monday and 24 hours later was squeezed through the narrow opening of a stormwater drain, falling 2.5 metres.

The baby is currently receiving treatment at Sydney's Westmead Children's Hospital.

Hospital blanket

It is a distressing story of abandonment and an amazing story of survival, says the BBC's Phil Mercer in Sydney.

Police doubt the baby would have survived much longer, given that in the past few days Sydney has had record breaking temperatures in excess of 40C, he adds.

David Otte and his daughter were alerted to the baby's crying as they cycled near the M7 motorway at Quakers Hill on Sunday morning, according to local reports.

"It was so intense. You couldn't not tell it was a baby," the Sydney Morning Herald quoted Mr Otte as saying.

"We couldn't see it but we could hear it. It was distressed."

Police said they found the mother after checking hospital records and knocking on doors in the local area.

Local police inspector David Lagats described the discovery of the baby as "disturbing".

He told reporters the baby was found wrapped in a striped blanket similar to what is given to newborn babies in hospital.

"The umbilical cord had been cut and had been clamped so there appears to have been some sort of medical intervention since his birth," he added.

The mother of the baby was represented legally in a Sydney court on Monday but did not appear in person, ABC reports.

She has been formally denied bail and is expected to appear in court on Friday.

The local magistrate reportedly recommended the mother receive post-natal care whilst in custody.

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Mediterranean diet 'combats obesity'  (0) 2014.11.18
Ministry gives 'sexist' job tips  (0) 2014.11.17
Brazil 'cannibal trio' sentence.  (0) 2014.11.16
G20 summit: World leaders meet in Brisbane  (0) 2014.11.15
posted by 박정희
2014. 11. 22. 23:31 bbc news

Obesity 'costing same as smoking'

// armed conflict 무력충돌
// suggest 시사하다,제안하다
// tackle the problem 나서서 문제를 해결하다
// steep 급격한, 극단적인
// toll 요금
// ambitious 의욕적인,야심있는
// systemic 체계의
// piecemeal 단편적인
// assess 평가하다,결정하다
// initiative 새로운계획,주도권,조치
// draw on 의지하다,끼다
// intervention 개입,간섭 intervene 개입하다
// scheme 계획,설계
// conclude 결론짓다
// proportion 비율
// prevalence 유행,보급
// diabetes 당뇨병
// lifestyle-related 생활습관의
// nutritionist 영양학자
// consistently 시종일관하여
// silver bullet 특효책


(bbc)Obesity 'costing same as smoking'


The worldwide cost of obesity is about the same as smoking or armed conflict and greater than both alcoholism and climate change, research has suggested.

The McKinsey Global Institute said it cost £1.3tn, or 2.8% of annual economic activity - it cost the UK £47bn.

Some 2.1bn people - about 30% of the world's population - were overweight or obese, the researchers added.

They said measures that relied less on individual responsibility should be used to tackle the problem.

Lost output

The report said there was a "steep economic toll", and the proportion could rise to almost half of the world's population by 2030.

The financial costs of obesity are growing - for health care and more widely in the economy. By causing illness, obesity results in working days and output lost.

The researchers argued that a range of ambitious policies needed to be considered and a systemic rather than piecemeal response was essential.

---------
What is obesity?

A person is considered obese if they are very overweight with a high degree of body fat.

The most common way to assess if a person is obese is to check their body mass index (BMI), which divides your weight in kilograms by your height in metres squared.

If your BMI is above 25 you are overweight. A BMI of 30-40 is considered obese, while above 40 is very obese. A BMI of less than 18.5 is underweight.

Where are you on the global BMI scale?


------------

"These initiatives would need to draw on interventions that rely less on individual responsibility and more on changes to the environment," the report said.

If the right measures were taken there could be long-term savings of £760m a year for the UK's National Health Service, it added.

The initiatives assessed in the report include portion control for some packaged food and the reformulation of fast and processed food.

'Crisis proportions'

It said these were more effective than taxes on high-fat and high-sugar products or public health campaigns. Weight management programmes and workplace fitness schemes were also considered.

The report concluded that "a strategy of sufficient scale is needed as obesity is now reaching crisis proportions".

The rising prevalence of obesity was driving the increase in heart and lung disease, diabetes and lifestyle-related cancers, it said.


Dr Alison Tedstone, chief nutritionist at Public Health England (PHE), said: "The report is a useful contribution to the obesity debate. PHE has consistently said that simple education messages alone are not enough to tackle obesity."

Dr Tedstone said obesity required action across national and local government, industry and society as a whole, and there was "no single silver bullet solution".

The report was produced by McKinsey Global Institute, the business and economics research arm of consultancy firm McKinsey & Company

'bbc news' 카테고리의 다른 글

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Mediterranean diet 'combats obesity'  (0) 2014.11.18
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G20 summit: World leaders meet in Brisbane  (0) 2014.11.15
posted by 박정희
2014. 11. 18. 23:32 bbc news

Mediterranean diet 'combats obesity'

// Mediterranean 지중해의
// tackle 다루다
// stroke 뇌졸증,발작
// sustained 지속적인
// NHS National Health Service
// intake 섭취
// stress 강조하다,스트레스
// urgent 긴급한
// crash dieting 과격한다이어트,속성다이어트
// Signatories 가맹국
// criticise 비난하다,비평하다
// statin 콜레스트롤 관련 약
// cite 예를들다
// cardiologist 심장학자
// overwhelm 압도하다
// nutritious 건강에 좋은
// Inspired 영감을받은
// abundance 풍부,대량
// wholegrain 정백하지않은
// poultry 조류
// exert 영향을미치다
// frontline 최전선
// dream of 꿈꾸다
// facilitate 촉진하다
// convey 전달하다
// nutritionist 영양학자
// silver-bullet 특효약,묘책
// starchy 녹말의 starch 녹말
// dairy 유제품의
// protein 단백질
// naive 순진한,고지식한
// hormonal 호르몬의
// neurological 신경학의
// appetite 식욕의
// substances 물질
// ban 금지
// minefield 지뢰지역,문제상황
// in existence 현존하는
// organisations 조직
// counter 대항하다
// sinister 불길한,사악한 sin 죄를짓다


(bbc) Mediterranean diet 'combats obesity'


A Mediterranean diet may be a better way of tackling obesity than calorie counting, leading doctors have said.

Writing in the Postgraduate Medical Journal (PMJ), the doctors said a Mediterranean diet quickly reduced the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

And they said it may be better than low-fat diets for sustained weight loss.

Official NHS advice is to monitor calorie intake to maintain a healthy weight.

Last month NHS leaders stressed the need for urgent action to tackle obesity and the health problems that often go with it.

The PMJ editorial argues a focus on food intake is the best approach, but it warns crash dieting is harmful.

Signatories of the piece included the chair of the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges, Prof Terence Stephenson, and Dr Mahiben Maruthappu, who has a senior role at NHS England.

They criticise the weight-loss industry for focusing on calorie restriction rather than "good nutrition".

Better than statins

And they make the case for a Mediterranean diet, including fruit and vegetables, nuts and olive oil, citing research suggesting it quickly reduces the risk of heart attacks and strokes, and may be better than low-fat diets for sustained weight loss.

The lead author, cardiologist Dr Aseem Malhotra, says the scientific evidence is overwhelming.

"What's more responsible is that we tell people to concentrate on eating nutritious foods.

------------
Med diet

Inspired by traditional cuisine of countries such as Greece, Spain and Italy, the Mediterranean diet has long been associated with good health and fit hearts.

Typically, it consists of an abundance of vegetables, fresh fruit, wholegrain cereals, olive oil and nuts, as well as poultry and fish, rather than lots of red meat and butter or animal fats.

----------
"It's going to have an impact on their health very quickly. We know the traditional Mediterranean diet, which is higher in fat, proven from randomised controlled trials, reduces the risk of heart attack and stroke even within months of implementation."

The article also says adopting a Mediterranean diet after a heart attack is almost three times as effective at reducing deaths as taking cholesterol-lowering statin medication.

The authors argue the NHS is in a "key position" to set a national example by providing healthy food in hospitals and by ensuring doctors and nurses understand the evidence.

'Common sense'

Prof Stephenson says the service can exert a powerful influence, for good or ill.

"Our hospitals and surgeries are the frontline for delivering health, it's nothing more than common sense then that we should be leading by example.

"We wouldn't dream of letting people drink alcohol or smoke in any healthcare environment, so I find it incomprehensible that we facilitate and sometimes actively promote food and drink that in some ways cause as many problems. And although some positive steps have been taken on the food given to patients in hospital, their visitors and staff also deserve better."

Public Health England is reviewing the dietary advice conveyed in the "eatwell plate" - which is used across the UK for guidance on what food to eat. Its recommendations include calorie-counted recipes to help achieve a healthy weight.

Dr Alison Tedstone, the chief nutritionist at Public Health England, said there was no single silver-bullet solution.

"Government advice is to eat plenty of bread, rice, potatoes, pasta and other starchy foods, plenty of fruit and vegetables; and some milk and dairy products, meat, fish, eggs, beans and other sources of non-dairy protein.

"Foods high in salt, fat and sugar should be eaten less often and in small amounts. If you are currently overweight you will need to eat less to achieve a healthy weight and be active as part of a healthy lifestyle."

The chairman of the National Obesity Forum, professor David Haslam, welcomed the article.

"A calorie is not just a calorie and it is naive for anyone to think the complex hormonal and neurological appetite systems of the body respond to different substances in the diet in identical fashion."

He said banning fast food outlets in hospitals would be a "legal minefield" given the extended contracts in existence. But he said healthy nutrition programmes could be put in place - as has happened in other big organisations - to counter what he called their "sinister effect".

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G20 summit: World leaders meet in Brisbane  (0) 2014.11.15
posted by 박정희
2014. 11. 17. 23:36 bbc news

Ministry gives 'sexist' job tips

// sexist 성차별
// casual jokes
// Labour Ministry 노동부
// government-run 국영
// sexual harassment 성희롱
// sexual harassment by saying 언어적 성희롱
// making a joke in return 농담은 받이치다
// tie the knot 결혼하다
// menial 비천한,하인,머슴
// brand 낙인찍다
// discriminatory 차별적인
// child bearing 출산
// at a loss 어쩔줄 모르는
// be at a loss for words 말문이 막히다
// editorial 사설
// gender equality 남녀평등
// persist 지속하다


bbc
Ministry gives 'sexist' job tips

Women in South Korea should tell potential employers they don't mind "casual jokes about sex" in the workplace, according to guidelines from the country's Labour Ministry.

The interview tips offered "ideal answers" to questions women might face in an interview, and were posted on a government-run recruitment information site, the Korea Herald reports. Women were advised to respond to a question about sexual harassment by saying: "It is sometimes necessary to deal with it by making a joke in return." For questions about family life, it was suggested they should lie about any any plans to tie the knot because "it is common for female workers to quit their jobs after getting married." As for menial work, women should promise to do their "very best, even if it is just making a single cup of coffee", the guidelines said.

The post has since been deleted after women's rights groups branded it discriminatory. "It is sexist of any employer to only ask women about their plans on marriage and child bearing," the Korean National Council of Women says in a statement. The Korea Times says it's at a "loss for words" in an editorial on the subject, describing the guidelines as "obviously sexist". After removing the offending post, the ministry said it would consider educating its staff about gender equality.

While education levels among Korean men and women are the same with equal numbers holding a university degree, gender inequality in the workplace persists. In 2013, South Korea ranked last among OECD countries for employing women graduates.

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posted by 박정희
2014. 11. 16. 00:51 bbc news

Brazil 'cannibal trio' sentence.

.. cannibal 식인종
.. convict 유죄를 선고하다
.. mistress 여주인,정부
.. allegedly 일선에 따르면
.. allege (근거없이)주장하다
.. pastries 빵, 패스트리
.. flesh 살
.. confess 자백하다
.. defendants 피고,피고의
.. appeal against 항소하다
.. sentence 선고
.. desecration 신성모독 deserate 신성을 더럽히다 consecrate 신성하게하다
.. concealment 은닉 conceal 숨기다
.. Purification 정화
.. ritual 제사,의식
.. name as 이름을 붙이다
.. lure 유혹하다
.. nanny 유모
.. purification ritual 정화 의식
.. allegations 의혹,혐의
.. remains 유해
.. Revelations 폭로
.. Schizophrenic 정신분열증의
.. fixated 집착하는

Brazil 'cannibal trio' sentence.

A judge in north-eastern Brazil has sentenced three people to 20-23 years in jail after they were convicted of killing a woman and eating her.

Jorge Beltrao Negromonte da Silveira received 23 years while his wife, Isabel Cristina Pires, and his mistress, Bruna Cristina Oliveira da Silva, were sentenced to 20 years.

The trio allegedly sold pastries made from the woman's flesh to neighbours.

They also confessed to killing two more women and will be sentenced later.

The defendants' lawyers said they would appeal against Friday's sentences.

The three, arrested in the city of Garanhuns in April 2012, were convicted of murder, desecration and concealment of a body.

'Purification ritual'

Local media named the victim as Jessica Camila da Silva, who was homeless and was no relation to Bruna Cristina Oliveira da Silva.

The group allegedly lured their victims to their house by saying they were looking for a nanny.

The trio admitted in court to killing and eating their victim as part of a purification ritual. But they denied allegations that they consumed and sold the flesh in "empada" pastries.

Human remains were found in the back garden of the house the three shared.

Police also found a 50-page book written by Mr Negromonte called Revelations of a Schizophrenic. In the document he claimed he heard voices and was fixated by killing women.

At the time of their arrest, the trio claimed to be part of a group that supported "the purification of the world and the reduction of its population".

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posted by 박정희
2014. 11. 15. 00:49 bbc news

G20 summit: World leaders meet in Brisbane

.. summit 정상(회담)
.. two-day 2일간
.. promoting growth 성장촉진
.. campaigners 운동가
.. be firm 확고하다
.. keep off 피하다
.. face a hostile reception 적대적인 반응에 직면하다
.. assertiveness 단호함
.. ahead of 앞서
.. sanctions 제재조치
.. imposed 부과된,도입된,강요된
.. Prime Minister 수상
.. tax cheats 조세포탈
.. premier 최고의
.. finance ministers 재무장관
.. outline 개요설명하다
.. tackle 맞붙다
.. jihadists 성전사(jihad)
.. address 연설
.. tripartite 3자의
.. defence ties 방위동맹
.. tangible 유형의
.. security and defence cooperation 안보 협력
.. unprecedented 전례없는
.. security measures 보안대책
.. deployed 배치되다
.. protest 항의,시위
.. designated 지정된
.. venue 장소
.. buried 파묻다
.. demonstration 시위,데모,설명,입증
.. inaction 무대책
.. pledges 약속
.. stand firm 꿋꿋하다
.. axe 대폭삭감하다
.. oversee 감독하다
.. fall 감소
.. eyes be on 시선이 집중되다
.. amid 가운데
.. bring down 떨어뜨리다
.. rebel-held 반군이 장악한
.. regrettable 유감스러운
.. assertive 적극적인
.. aspire 열망하다
.. prosperity 번영
.. tsarism 차리즘(러시아시대의 전제군주제)
.. evolve 발달하다
.. deepening 심화되는
.. comprise 구성되다 = be comprised of


G20 summit: World leaders meet in Brisbane


World leaders are meeting in Brisbane, Australia, for the first day of this weekend's G20 summit.

The two-day summit, attended by the US, Chinese and Russian leaders among others, will focus on promoting growth.

Campaigners also want climate change on the agenda, but Australia has been firm in keeping it off.

Vladimir Putin is expected to face a hostile reception from some Western leaders concerned about Russia's increasing military assertiveness.

Speaking ahead of the G20 summit, the Russian president said US and EU sanctions imposed over the crisis in Ukraine would harm not just Russia but the global economy.

Australian Prime Minister Tony Abbott said world leaders would use the summit, which groups developed and emerging economies, to discuss job creation, identifying tax cheats and strengthening the global economy.

"The G20 is the world's premier economic forum," Mr Abbott said on Friday.

"We've got a very strong mission in Brisbane to work for growth and jobs - that's our focus."

Leaders are expected to expand on plans agreed in February at the G20 finance ministers' meeting to boost global economic growth by 2% in five years.

In early developments:

- British Prime Minister David Cameron has outlined new measures to tackle jihadists who fight abroad, in an address to the Australian parliament

- Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe called for closer tripartite defence ties with the US and Australia, and urged "tangible steps taken in the area of security and defence cooperation" with Canberra, in a piece for the Australian Financial Review

Brisbane, in the state of Queensland, is said to be taking unprecedented security measures for the summit, with some 6,000 police deployed.

Twenty-seven different groups have been given permits to protest at designated areas near the Brisbane Convention and Exhibition Centre, the venue hosting the meeting, and thousands of people are expected over the weekend.

More than 200 protesters buried their heads in the sands of Bondi Beach on Thursday in a demonstration over climate change inaction.

Earlier in the week, the US and China made what US President Barack Obama described as "historic" pledges on emissions, with the US promising greater cuts and China for the first time setting a date by which emissions would peak.

Australia has, however, stood firm on keeping climate change off the agenda of the G20 summit.

The government is facing criticism over its climate policies. Since coming to power, Mr Abbott has axed a carbon tax and overseen a 70% fall in investment in renewable energy.

Eyes will also be on President Putin, amid tensions over Russia's role in Ukraine. Some Australians had called for Mr Putin to be blocked from the summit over the downing of Malaysia Airlines flight MH17.

Thirty-eight Australians were among the 298 people who died when the plane was brought down over rebel-held eastern Ukraine, by a missile that the West believes was supplied by Russia. Russia rejects the claim.

Mr Abbott, who discussed the issue with Mr Putin in Beijing earlier this week, described Russia's actions in Ukraine as part of a "regrettable pattern" by a nation that was being "much more assertive".

He said he told Mr Putin that Russia should aspire to be a superpower "for peace and freedom and prosperity" instead of "trying to recreate the lost glories of tsarism or the old Soviet Union".

What is G20?

- The "Group of Twenty" represents two-thirds of the world's population, 85% of global GDP and over 75% of global trade.

- It began in 1999 as an annual meeting for finance ministers and central bank governors following the Asian financial crisis, before evolving to also include a summit for countries' leaders in 2008, after the global financial crisis.

- G20 meetings are aimed at deepening economic co-operation and strengthening the global economy.

- It comprises 19 countries and the European Union.

- At each meeting, the host country invites non-member guest countries to attend. For 2014, Australia has invited Spain, Mauritania, Myanmar, Senegal, New Zealand and Singapore.

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posted by 박정희
2014. 11. 14. 00:40 bbc news

Barack Obama to reform US immigration system this year

.. reform 개혁하다
.. take action 조치하다, 행동하다
.. congress 의회,국회
.. remark 발언,~라고 말하다
.. follow 뒤따르다
.. deportation 추방
.. overall 전체적인
.. estimated to 예상되는
.. undocumented 불법체류
.. Republican 공화당원
.. be beyond 뛰어넘다
.. authority 권위,권한,당국
.. opposition 야당,반대
.. the House of Representatives 하원
.. come up with 제안하다,내놓다
.. bill 법안
.. lawful 합법적인
.. pass a bill 법안을 통과시키다
.. tooth and nail 필사적으로
.. continue down this path 그 길로 계속 가다
.. House Speaker 하원원내대표
.. incoming 새로 당선된, 도착하는
.. Senate 상원
.. budget bill 예산안
.. prohibit 금지하다
.. appropriated 적절한
.. machinations 권모술수 machinate 모의하다
.. provoke 유발하다
.. block 차단
.. veto 거부권
.. turn raises 인상
.. government shutdown 정부폐쇄
.. Unilateral 일방적인
.. deferred 연기된
.. be deported 추방당하다
.. deportations 국외추방
.. executive action 행정조치
.. border 국경
.. far-reaching 지대한 영향을 가져올
.. take up 계속하다, 차지하다
.. legislation 제정법


BBC
Barack Obama to reform US immigration system this year

US President Barack Obama has said he will take action to reform immigration this year.

Mr Obama blamed Congress for failing to act and said he would try to make the system work better.

His remarks follow reports in the New York Times and Fox News that he plans to extend protection from deportation to some parents of legal US residents.

The overall plan is estimated to affect as many as five million undocumented immigrants living in the US.

Republicans in Congress say such action would be beyond Mr Obama's authority.


'Tooth and nail'

At a news conference in Yangon with Myanmar opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi, Mr Obama said he had given the House of Representatives more than a year to come up with an immigration bill but they had failed to do so.

"I said that if in fact Congress failed to act I would use all the lawful authority I possess to try to make the system work better," he said.

"And that's going to happen before the end of the year."

Mr Obama added that as soon as Congress passed a bill he could sign, "any executive actions will be replaced".

But Republicans in Congress said the president should work with them.

"We're going to fight the president tooth and nail if he continues down this path," House Speaker John Boehner told reporters.

Mitch McConnell, the incoming Senate majority leader, urged the president to "work with us to try to find a way to improve our immigration system".

The president also faces pressures from within his own party. Top Senate Democrat Harry Reid urged Mr Obama only to take action after Congress passes a bill funding the government past 11 December.

Some Republicans are pushing for the budget bill to include a statement prohibiting "the use of appropriated funds for the president's immigration machinations".

Such a move could provoke a block by the Democrats, or a veto by the president, which in turn raises the risk of a government shutdown.

Unilateral action has been expected on immigration but details of what the president was considering were first reported this week.

At the centre of the reports is a plan to extend the president's "deferred action" plan, which was designed to protect young adults who were brought to the US illegally as children from being deported.

The plan is to extend that to the parents of children who are US citizens or legal residents.

The action is designed to prevent the break-up of families via deportations. The number of those affected by the suggested policy is based on how long an individual has lived in the US.

If the administration limits the "deferred action" to those who have lived in the US for more than 10 years, it would affect 2.5 million undocumented immigrants, experts estimate.

If the time limit is lowered to five years, it would stop deportations for as many as 3.3 million.

Other parts of the executive action reported by the media include:

- increasing the number of high-tech workers allowed to live and work in the US

- an expansion of the existing deferred action plans that would move the cut-off date for children arriving to 2010

- shift border security resources to the US southern border, according to reports.

The Senate passed a far-reaching immigration bill in 2013, but the House has not taken up the legislation.

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posted by 박정희
2014. 11. 13. 00:43 카테고리 없음

Mind control used to switch on genes

.. engineered 조작된
.. futuristic technology 선진기술
.. epilepsy 간질
.. ramp up 늘리다
.. implant 주입된 물질
.. genetically 유전적으로
.. subsequently 나중에
.. cascade 폭포,종속
.. seep out 새어나오다
.. bloodstream 혈류
.. meditation 명상
.. gene expression 유전자 발현
.. via 통하여
.. for over a decade 10년 넘게
.. proof 증명
.. seizure 발작,압수
.. epileptic seizure 간질설 발작
.. release 석방
.. be aware 감지하다
.. onset 시작
.. attenuate 약화시키다
.. relief 안도감


Mind control used to switch on genes

Swiss researchers have developed a way to "switch on" specific genes using the power of the mind.

Their system uses human brainwaves to turn on an infrared light that then activates a gene to start making a protein in specially engineered cells.

The scientists believe the futuristic technology could be used to treat in diseases such as epilepsy.

Their study using mice and people, published in Nature Communications, shows it works in principle.

Mind control ramped up production of a protein in an implant placed under the skin of mice.

The researchers created a genetically engineered cell in which the presence of near infrared light triggered the switching on of a gene and subsequently the production of a protein called SEAP.

They placed the cells in a chamber in a small implant that also contained a wirelessly controlled infrared light and inserted it under the skin of mice.


Power of thought

Volunteers wearing headsets were asked to play a computer game called Mindflex, in which the movement of a ball is controlled by thought.

When they concentrated on the game, their brainwaves turned on a field generator under the mice, switching on the infrared light and initiating the cascade within the implant to generate the SEAP protein.

The protein was able to seep out from the implant into the bloodstream, where it was later measured by the researchers.

Brainwave patterns produced by meditation were also shown to turn on the implant, which could be seen to light up under the skin.

Study leader Martin Fussenegger, professor of biotechnology and bioengineering at the Swiss Institute of Technology, said: "Being able to control gene expression via the power of thought is a dream that we've been chasing for over a decade."

This study was the first proof of concept of a technology that could ultimately be used to as a medical therapy, he added.

For example, the specific brainwave patterns that occurred prior to an epileptic seizure could be used to trigger the release of treatment before the patient was even aware it was happening, he said.

"Or in patients with chronic pain, we believe there are specific pain patterns. And we would like to filter these and have the implant produce treatment that prevents the onset or attenuates the full pain situation."

Martyn Boutelle, professor of biomedical sensors engineering at Imperial College London, said: "By linking together these very different technologies into a clear pathway the authors show first proof of principle of how, far into the future, it may be possible for patients to learn to use mental states to control bioengineered implants that release relief-giving therapy."
posted by 박정희
2014. 11. 12. 00:46 카테고리 없음

African Dream: Lorna Rutto's business advice

.. latest 최근의
.. rubbish 쓰레기
.. timber 목재
.. made out of 로 만든
.. sawdust 톱밥
.. rot 썩다
.. termites 흰개미
.. metric 계량의
.. suffer 당하다(겪다)
.. systematic discrimination 제도적 차별
.. venture 위험을 무릅쓰고 하다


African Dream: Lorna Rutto's business advice

Lorna Rutto is an entrepreneur who founded Ecopost, a Nairobi-based company that recycles plastic waste. As part of the latest series of African Dream, she provided advice based on her experiences as a businesswoman.

How do you make money from waste or rubbish?

- Nothing is waste for me. Things that were once made out of timber, we makes out of plastic waste

- We use recycled plastic and sawdust waste, which is hugely available. The opportunity was born due to the need for plastic poles. People needed an alternative to timber, a product that does not rot and one that cannot be affected by termites

- Every day more than 10,000 metric tonnes of waste is normally generated in Kenya. This is gathered by 15 young people and women who sell it to us for processing.


What are the main issues for a woman starting a business in an African country?

- Female entrepreneurs may suffer systematic discrimination while trying to access resources needed to grow their businesses - for example, while trying to access credit from financiers

- I set up a business in the waste manufacturing industry, which is not a common type of business sector that women choose to venture into. Women should be courageous to start their businesses in a broader and more competitive range of sectors

- Women entrepreneurs should network and look for mentors who will advise, encourage and help them in setting up the business and to also provide them with the visibility that they really need. Surrounding ourselves with people who promote our ideas, rather than killing them, goes a long way.
posted by 박정희
2014. 11. 12. 00:44 bbc news

Sierra Leone Ebola nurses on strike

.. porter 짐꾼
.. hazard 위험
.. outbreak 돌발, 돌연
.. be forced to 강요받다
.. leave unattended 내버려두다
.. on one's own 독립하여, 스스로
.. representative 대표자
.. turn away 돌려보내다, 퇴자놓다
.. be due to 예정이다
.. Earlier, 이보다 앞서
.. authorities 당국
.. in one's 50s 50대 나이의
.. quarantine 검역소
.. unrelated 관련없는
.. release 해방하다, 자유롭게하다
.. whilst = while
.. on one's return 귀로에
.. neighbouring 근교
.. emergency response 비상대응
.. emerge 나타나다
.. in conjunction with 연대하여
.. come to light 드러나다


Sierra Leone Ebola nurses on strike


More than 400 health workers involved in treating Ebola patients have gone on strike at a clinic in Sierra Leone.

The staff, who include nurses, porters and cleaners, are protesting about the government's failure to pay an agreed weekly $100 (£63) "hazard payment".

The clinic, in Bandajuma near Bo, is the only Ebola treatment centre in southern Sierra Leone.

In Mali, a nurse and the patient he was treating earlier became the second and third people to die from Ebola there.

Nearly 5,000 people have been killed in the outbreak of Ebola in West Africa, mostly in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the outbreak a global health emergency.

The Bandajuma clinic is run by medical charity MSF, which said it would be forced to close the facility if the strike continued.

MSF's emergency co-ordinator in Sierra Leone, Ewald Stars, told the BBC that about 60 patients had been left unattended because of the strike at the clinic in Bandajuma.


There are international staff at the clinic but they are unable to keep the clinic open on their own.

Mohamed Mbawah, a representative of the striking Sierra Leonean staff, told the BBC his colleagues had already turned away one ambulance.

The staff, who are protesting outside the clinic, say the government agreed to the "hazard payments" when the facility was established but has failed to make any payments since September.

The money was due to be paid in addition to salaries the staff receive from MSF.


Traditional healer

Earlier, the Malian authorities confirmed that a nurse and the patient he was treating at a clinic in Bamako had died.

The patient, a traditional Muslim healer in his 50s, had recently arrived from Guinea.

He had been treated by the nurse, 25, at the Pasteur Clinic, which has now been placed in quarantine.

The deaths are unrelated to Mali's first Ebola case, when a two-year-old girl died from the disease in October.

The new cases in Mali follow the WHO's confirmation that 25 of the 100 people who were thought to have come into contact with the two-year-old girl were being released from quarantine.

The toddler's case alarmed the authorities in Mali after it was found she had displayed symptoms whilst travelling through the country by bus, including Bamako, on her return from neighbouring Guinea.

Emergency response

Ebola was first identified in Guinea in March, before it spread to neighbouring Liberia and Sierra Leone. The WHO says there are now more than 13,240 confirmed, suspected and probable cases, almost all in these countries.

Cases have also emerged, though on a much smaller scale, in Nigeria, Senegal, Spain and the US.

Mali launched an emergency response in conjunction with the WHO when the girl's situation came to light. Her family were among those released from quarantine on Monday.

Health department spokesman Markatie Daou said around 50 people were still under observation in Kayes, western Mali, and would be released in a week if they continued to display no symptoms.

Meanwhile, the virus is continuing to spread in Sierra Leone, with almost 300 new infections recorded in the last three days.

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posted by 박정희
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